Toilet Habits and Continence in Children: An Opportunity Sampling in Search of Normal Parameters
- 1 May 1993
- journal article
- Published by Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) in Journal of Urology
- Vol. 149 (5 Part 1), 1087-1090
- https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-5347(17)36304-8
Abstract
An opportunity sampling of 1,192 children regarding parameters of toilet training and elimination status was obtained by interview and questionnaire. Toilet training ages ranged from 0.75 to 5 years, with a mean of 2.4 +/- 0.6 years (standard deviation). Voiding frequency was inversely related to age; most children between 3 and 12 years old urinated 5 to 6 times per day. Influences of gender, urinary infections and parental recall were investigated. Nocturnal and diurnal enuresis was reported in 18% and 10% of our sample, respectively. Bowel movements per week ranged from 1 to 21, with a mean of 6.8 +/- 2.5.Keywords
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