Subcellular proteomics reveals neuromelanin granules to be a lysosome-related organelle
- 5 May 2006
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Springer Science and Business Media LLC in Journal of Neural Transmission
- Vol. 113 (6), 741-749
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s00702-006-0452-3
Abstract
The powerful combination of subcellular fractionation and protein identification by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) pioneered the molecular elucidation of neuromelanin (NM) granules. We recently isolated NM granules from the human brain and succeeded in the establishment of the first protein profile of this compartment. NM granules are pigmented organelles, which are mainly found in the catecholaminergic neurons of the human substantia nigra (SN) pars compacta and the locus coeruleus. These granules contain the insoluble pigment NM, which is regarded as the most important iron storage system in these neurons. A global examination of NM granules, however, has so far been hampered due to the lack of a pigmented brain stem in rodents, the absence of an appropriate experimental system and their scarcity in the human brain. ‘Subcellular proteomics’, which increasingly emerges as the method of choice to characterize cellular compartments and to elucidate their biogenesis, has recently been shown to be an adequate approach to tackle a thorough description of NM granules. Thereby, NM granules could be described as a ‘lysosome-related organelle’. This indicates a genetic program underlying a biogenesis of NM rather than its autoxidative formation.Keywords
This publication has 46 references indexed in Scilit:
- Evidence for specific phases in the development of human neuromelaninNeurobiology of Aging, 2006
- Neuromelanin induces oxidative stress in mitochondria through release of iron: mechanism behind the inhibition of 26S proteasomeJournal of Neural Transmission, 2005
- A Proteomic Analysis of Lysosomal Integral Membrane Proteins Reveals the Diverse Composition of the OrganelleMolecular & Cellular Proteomics, 2005
- Iron, brain ageing and neurodegenerative disordersNature Reviews Neuroscience, 2004
- Neuromelanin inhibits enzymatic activity of 26S proteasome in human dopaminergic SH-SY5Y cellsJournal of Neural Transmission, 2004
- Residual substantia nigra neuromelanin in Parkinson’s disease is cross-linked to α-synucleinNeurochemistry International, 2003
- Free flow‐isoelectric focusing of human cellular lysates as sample preparation for protein analysisElectrophoresis, 1995
- Iron‐Melanin Complex in Substantia Nigra of Parkinsonian Brains: An X‐Ray MicroanalysisJournal of Neurochemistry, 1992
- INCREASED NIGRAL IRON CONTENT IN POSTMORTEM PARKINSONIAN BRAINThe Lancet, 1987
- Light and electron microscopic studies of pigment in human and rhesus monkey substantia nigra and locus coeruleusThe Anatomical Record, 1966