Congenital Insufficiency of the Pulmonary Valve

Abstract

Congenital insufficiency of the pulmonary valve may result if the valvular cusps develop faultily or fail to develop. It is commonly associated with ventricular septal defect, with or without pulmonary stenosis. Under these conditions a continuous precordial murmur may be present. Less commonly, congenital pulmonary valvular insufficiency may appear as an isolated cardiac malformation.