The Effect of Age on Immunologic Response to Recombinant Hepatitis B Vaccine: A Meta?analysis
Open Access
- 1 December 2002
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Oxford University Press (OUP) in Clinical Infectious Diseases
- Vol. 35 (11), 1368-1375
- https://doi.org/10.1086/344271
Abstract
Hepatitis B vaccine is a key tool for the prevention of hepatitis B infection. Age-associated changes in immune function may contribute to decreased vaccine efficacy in older individuals, although research related to this topic has yielded contradictory findings. We performed a meta-analysis of 24 published trials and studies that evaluated the association of age with response to hepatitis B vaccine, using a random-effects model. Pooling of study results suggested a significantly increased risk of nonresponse to hepatitis B vaccine among older individuals (relative risk [RR], 1.76; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.48–2.10). An elevated risk of nonresponse persisted even after exclusion of poor-quality studies (RR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.23–2.15) and adjustment for publication bias (RR, 1.52; 95% CI, 1.26–1.83), and it was present even when “older” individuals were defined as being as young as 30 years. These findings have important implications for individuals at risk for hepatitis B infection, including health care workers and travelers.Keywords
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