Self‐reported psychoneurotic characteristics and aspects of affective status have been examined within the adult population of a market town and the surrounding rural community using a standardized instrument. Features of anxiety in particular are more common amongst females than males, peaking in the third, fourth (phobic avoidance behaviour being also especially evident at this time) and fifth decades of life. Many of the characteristics are also importantly related to age in both sexes and to social class. Some are widespread within the population and probably reflect more enduring personality traits. Others are less common, more age specific (e.g. early adult life, middle age, the menopause in females; the involutional period in males) and are probably more often construed by the individuals concerned and by others as ‘illness’. The similarity of the relevant segment of the present profiles to those previously obtained from a suburban population aged 40–65 years is noteworthy. The most likely interpretation is that the measuring instrument is reliable and that the reporting behaviour of psychoneurotic and effective characteristics and morbidity is identical in both populations.