Abstract
A recent observational advance has been the mapping of the expansion pattern of the universe in the neighbourhood of the Milky Way. These studies reveal significant departures from uniform Hubble expansion, which is thought to be associated with the growth of superclusters. Part 1 of this review concerned currently popular hypotheses for how structure in our universe might have originated and how it is thought to be evolving today. In this second part I shall describe the observations and show how these can be used to test the theoretical ideas.