Prevalence and risk factors for bloodstream infection present on hospital admission
Open Access
- 28 July 2017
- journal article
- Published by SAGE Publications in Journal of Infection Prevention
- Vol. 19 (1), 37-42
- https://doi.org/10.1177/1757177417720998
Abstract
Background: Bloodstream infection present on hospital admission (BSI-POA) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this study was to measure prevalence and describe the risk factors of patients with BSI-POA and to determine the prevalence of resistance in isolates by admission source. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients discharged from three hospitals in New York City between 2006 and 2014. BSI-POA was defined as BSI diagnosed within 48 h of hospitalisation. Results: The prevalence for BSI-POA was 5307/315,010 discharges (1.7%). The odds of being admitted with BSI-POA were greatest among patients admitted with renal failure, chronic dermatitis, malignancies and prior hospitalisation. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were 2.72 (95% CI = 2.56–2.88), 2.15 (95% CI = 1.97–2.34), 1.76 (95% CI = 1.64–1.88) and 1.59 (95% CI = 1.50–1.69), respectively. The largest proportion of BSI-POA presented with Staphylococcus aureus (48.4%), followed by Enterococcus faecalis/faecium (20.3%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (16.2%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (8.7%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (4.2%) and Acinetobacter baumannii (2.2%). Overall, 44% of those admitted from nursing homes presented with antibiotic resistant strains versus 34% from other hospitals and 31% from private homes ( P = 0.002). Conclusion: Understanding the risk factors of patients who present to the hospital with BSI could enable timely interventions and better patient outcomes.Keywords
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