Iron-Deficiency Anemia is Associated with Altered Characteristics of Sleep Spindles in NREM Sleep in Infancy
- 15 June 2007
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Springer Science and Business Media LLC in Neurochemical Research
- Vol. 32 (10), 1665-1672
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s11064-007-9396-8
Abstract
Objective To determine the effects of iron-deficiency anemia on the development of non-rapid-eye-movement (NREM) sleep stages, as indexed by sleep spindles. Study design Patterns of sleep spindles during NREM sleep stages 2 and 3–4 (slow-wave-sleep, SWS) were compared in 26 otherwise healthy 6-month-old Chilean infants with iron-deficiency anemia and 18 non-anemic control infants. From polygraphic recordings, EEG activity was analyzed for sleep spindles to assess their number (density), duration, frequency, and inter-spindle interval. Results Iron-deficient anemic infants differed from the control group by having sleep spindles with reduced density, lower frequency, and longer inter-spindle intervals in NREM sleep stage 2 and SWS. Conclusions These results provide evidence of delayed sleep spindle patterns in iron-deficient anemic infants, suggesting that iron is an essential micronutrient for the normal progression of NREM sleep pattern development in the human.Keywords
This publication has 68 references indexed in Scilit:
- Persistent neurochemical and behavioral abnormalities in adulthood despite early iron supplementation for perinatal iron deficiency anemia in rats☆Behavioural Brain Research, 2006
- Development of the nocturnal sleep electroencephalogram in human infantsAmerican Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, 2004
- Sleep-wake states and their regulatory mechanisms throughout early human developmentThe Journal of Pediatrics, 2003
- IRONSTATUS ANDNEURALFUNCTIONINGAnnual Review of Nutrition, 2003
- Proposed supplements and amendments to ‘A Manual of Standardized Terminology, Techniques and Scoring System for Sleep Stages of Human Subjects’, the Rechtschaffen & Kales (1968) standardPsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 2001
- Evolution of daytime quiet sleep components in early treated phenylketonuric infantsBrain & Development, 1996
- Sinus Pauses in Early Human Malnutrition During Waking and SleepingNeuropediatrics, 1983
- The effects of short-term oral iron therapy on developmental deficits in iron-deficient anemic infantsThe Journal of Pediatrics, 1982
- EEG Sleep Spindle OntogenesisNeuropediatrics, 1970
- Le sommeil du nouveau-né et du prématuréNeonatology, 1967