Vitamin A Metabolism: An Update
Top Cited Papers
Open Access
- 11 January 2011
- Vol. 3 (1), 63-103
- https://doi.org/10.3390/nu3010063
Abstract
Retinoids are required for maintaining many essential physiological processes in the body, including normal growth and development, normal vision, a healthy immune system, normal reproduction, and healthy skin and barrier functions. In excess of 500 genes are thought to be regulated by retinoic acid. 11-cis-retinal serves as the visual chromophore in vision. The body must acquire retinoid from the diet in order to maintain these essential physiological processes. Retinoid metabolism is complex and involves many different retinoid forms, including retinyl esters, retinol, retinal, retinoic acid and oxidized and conjugated metabolites of both retinol and retinoic acid. In addition, retinoid metabolism involves many carrier proteins and enzymes that are specific to retinoid metabolism, as well as other proteins which may be involved in mediating also triglyceride and/or cholesterol metabolism. This review will focus on recent advances for understanding retinoid metabolism that have taken place in the last ten to fifteen years.Keywords
This publication has 149 references indexed in Scilit:
- Retinol dehydrogenases (RDHs) in the visual cycleExperimental Eye Research, 2010
- Chylomicron- and VLDL-derived Lipids Enter the Heart through Different PathwaysJournal of Biological Chemistry, 2010
- Retinoic acid signaling in mammalian eye developmentExperimental Eye Research, 2009
- Hepatic stellate cell lipid droplets: A specialized lipid droplet for retinoid storageBiochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids, 2009
- Retinoic acid receptors and GATA transcription factors activate the transcription of the human lecithin:retinol acyltransferase geneThe International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology, 2009
- Two novel STRA6 mutations in a patient with anophthalmia and diaphragmatic eventrationAmerican Journal of Medical Genetics Part A, 2009
- Expression of carboxylesterase and lipase genes in rat liver cell-typesBiochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 2008
- In vitro and in vivo characterization of retinoid synthesis from β-caroteneArchives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 2008
- RBP4 Disrupts Vitamin A Uptake Homeostasis in a STRA6-Deficient Animal Model for Matthew-Wood SyndromeCell Metabolism, 2008
- Redundant and unique roles of retinol dehydrogenases in the mouse retinaProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2007