Re-assessment of risk factors for sporadic Salmonella serotype Enteritidis infections: a case-control study in five FoodNet Sites, 2002–2003
- 7 June 2006
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Cambridge University Press (CUP) in Epidemiology and Infection
- Vol. 135 (1), 84-92
- https://doi.org/10.1017/s0950268806006558
Abstract
Active surveillance for laboratory-confirmed Salmonella serotype Enteritidis (SE) infection revealed a decline in incidence in the 1990s, followed by an increase starting in 2000. We sought to determine if the fluctuation in SE incidence could be explained by changes in foodborne sources of infection. We conducted a population-based case-control study of sporadic SE infection in five of the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) sites during a 12-month period in 2002–2003. A total of 218 cases and 742 controls were enrolled. Sixty-seven (31%) of the 218 case-patients and six (1%) of the 742 controls reported travel outside the United States during the 5 days before the case's illness onset (OR 53, 95% CI 23–125). Eighty-one percent of cases with SE phage type 4 travelled internationally. Among persons who did not travel internationally, eating chicken prepared outside the home and undercooked eggs inside the home were associated with SE infections. Contact with birds and reptiles was also associated with SE infections. This study supports the findings of previous case-control studies and identifies risk factors associated with specific phage types and molecular subtypes.Keywords
This publication has 32 references indexed in Scilit:
- Burden of Self‐Reported Acute Diarrheal Illness in FoodNet Surveillance Areas, 1998–1999Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2004
- Chicken Consumption Is a Newly Identified Risk Factor for SporadicSalmonella entericaSerotype Enteritidis Infections in the United States: A Case‐Control Study in FoodNet SitesClinical Infectious Diseases, 2004
- Surveillance for Sporadic Foodborne Disease in the 21st Century: The FoodNet PerspectiveClinical Infectious Diseases, 2004
- Reptiles, Amphibians, and HumanSalmonellaInfection: A Population‐Based, Case‐Control StudyClinical Infectious Diseases, 2004
- FoodNet Estimate of the Burden of Illness Caused by NontyphoidalSalmonellaInfections in the United StatesClinical Infectious Diseases, 2004
- Dramatic Decrease in the Incidence ofSalmonellaSerotype Enteritidis Infections in 5 FoodNet Sites: 1996–1999Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2004
- PulseNet: The Molecular Subtyping Network for Foodborne Bacterial Disease Surveillance, United StatesEmerging Infectious Diseases, 2001
- An Outbreak ofSalmonellaSerotype Thompson Associated with Fresh CilantroThe Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2001
- Emergence of Salmonella enteritidis Phage Type 4 in the Caribbean: Case-Control Study in Trinidad and Tobago, West IndiesClinical Infectious Diseases, 2001
- An outbreak of salmonellosis among children attending a reptile exhibit at a zooThe Journal of Pediatrics, 1998