Cytotoxicity of MTA and Portland cement on human ECV 304 endothelial cells

Abstract

Aim To evaluate the cytotoxic effects of two brands of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) (Pro-Root MTA^® and MTA Angelus^®) and Portland cement (PC) on the human ECV 304 endothelial cell line. Methodology Endothelial ECV 304 cells were incubated at 37 °C in an atmosphere of 95% air, 5% carbon dioxide and 100% humidity for 7 days and grown in F12 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum with 50 μg mL⁻¹ of gentamicin sulphate. Effects of the materials on mitochondrial functions were measured by a colorimetric assay. At each experimental time interval (24, 48 and 72 h), a dimethyl-thiazol-diphenyl tetrazolium bromid assay was conducted to measure cell viability. All assays were repeated three times to ensure reproducibility. Results were expressed as average absorbance (A_570\,nm) ± SD and the data were analysed statistically by one-way analysis of variance and the Bonferroni post-test. A P-value P > 0.05). Conclusions The two brands of MTA analysed, as well as the PC, initially showed a similar elevated cytotoxic effect that decreased gradually with time allowing the cell culture to become reestablished.