Human and Simian Immunodeficiency Retroviruses: Activation and Differential Transactivation of Gene Expression
- 1 January 1988
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Mary Ann Liebert Inc in AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses
- Vol. 4 (3), 175-186
- https://doi.org/10.1089/aid.1988.4.175
Abstract
New West African human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV-2s) and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) contain functional transactivator (tat) gene and tat response elements. Their long terminal repeats (LTR) and tat genes are more related among themselves than to HIV-1 LTR and tat gene. The viral gene expression of HIV-2 as well as SIV can be stimulated by T cell activators, such as mitogens and phorbol esters. HIV-2 and SIV display a much broader transactivation response specificity than does HIV-1. The LTR-directed gene expression of HIV-2/SIV is not only transactivated by their own tat gene and by HIV-1 tat gene but also by factors in human T cell leukemia/lymphoma virus type I (HTLV-I) and simian virus 40 (SV40) infected cells, involving HTLV-I tat gene and SV40 T antigens, respectively. HIV-1 LTR-directed gene expression is much less transactivated by HIV-2/SIV tat genes and by factors in HTLV-I- and SV40-infected cells. Immune activation and heterologous transactivation of the LTR-directed gene expression may be relevant to the latency of virus infection and progression toward the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).Keywords
This publication has 34 references indexed in Scilit:
- Relation of HTLV-4 to simian and human immunodeficiency-associated virusesNature, 1987
- New human and simian HIV-related retroviruses possess functional transactivator (tat) geneNature, 1987
- The genome organization of STLV-3 is similar to that of the AIDS virus except for a truncated transmembrane proteinCell, 1987
- A New Human Retrovirus Isolate of West African Origin (SBL-6669) and Its Relationship to HTLV-IV, LAV-II, and HTLV-IIIBAIDS Research and Human Retroviruses, 1987
- Trans-activation of human immunodeficiency virus occurs via a bimodal mechanismCell, 1986
- Regulation of human interleukin-2 gene: Functional DNA sequences in the 5′ flanking region for the gene expression in activated T lymphocytesCell, 1986
- Long-Term Cultures of HTLV-III—Infected T Cells: a Model of Cytopathology of T-Cell Depletion in AIDSScience, 1986
- The location of cis-acting regulatory sequences in the human T cell lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III/LAV) long terminal repeatCell, 1985
- Transcriptional modulation of human T-cell growth factor gene by phorbol ester and interleukin 1Biochemistry, 1984
- Homology of Genome of AIDS-Associated Virus with Genomes of Human T-Cell Leukemia VirusesScience, 1984