Effects of exercise on gene expression in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells
Open Access
- 1 October 2004
- journal article
- clinical trial
- Published by American Physiological Society in Journal of Applied Physiology
- Vol. 97 (4), 1461-1469
- https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00316.2004
Abstract
Exercise leads to increases in circulating levels of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and to a simultaneous, seemingly paradoxical increase in both pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators. Whether this is paralleled by changes in gene expression within the circulating population of PBMCs is not fully understood. Fifteen healthy men (18–30 yr old) performed 30 min of constant work rate cycle ergometry (∼80% peak O2uptake). Blood samples were obtained preexercise (Pre), end-exercise (End-Ex), and 60 min into recovery (Recovery), and gene expression was measured using microarray analysis (Affymetrix GeneChips). Significant differential gene expression was defined with a posterior probability of differential expression of 0.99 and a Bayesian P value of 0.005. Significant changes were observed from Pre to End-Ex in 311 genes, from End-Ex to Recovery in 552 genes, and from Pre to Recovery in 293 genes. Pre to End-Ex upregulation of PBMC genes related to stress and inflammation [e.g., heat shock protein 70 (3.70-fold) and dual-specificity phosphatase-1 (4.45-fold)] was followed by a return of these genes to baseline by Recovery. The gene for interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (an anti-inflammatory mediator) increased between End-Ex and Recovery (1.52-fold). Chemokine genes associated with inflammatory diseases [macrophage inflammatory protein-1α (1.84-fold) and -1β (2.88-fold), and regulation-on-activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (1.34-fold)] were upregulated but returned to baseline by Recovery. Exercise also upregulated growth and repair genes such as epiregulin (3.50-fold), platelet-derived growth factor (1.55-fold), and hypoxia-inducible factor-I (2.40-fold). A single bout of heavy exercise substantially alters PBMC gene expression characterized in many cases by a brisk activation and deactivation of genes associated with stress, inflammation, and tissue repair.Keywords
This publication has 66 references indexed in Scilit:
- Importance of MAPK pathways for microglial pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β productionNeurobiology of Aging, 2004
- Circulating plasma VEGF response to exercise in sedentary and endurance-trained menJournal of Applied Physiology, 2004
- Gene expression in mature neutrophils: early responses to inflammatory stimuliJournal of Leukocyte Biology, 2003
- Epiregulin is more potent than EGF or TGFα in promoting in vitro wound closure due to enhanced ERK/MAPK activationJournal of Cellular Biochemistry, 2003
- Growth Hormone Down-Regulation of Interleukin-1?? and Interleukin-6 Induced Acute Phase Protein Gene Expression is Associated with Increased Gene Expression of Suppressor of Cytokine Signal-3Shock, 2003
- Lymphocyte Responses to Maximal ExerciseSports Medicine, 2003
- Effects of RRR-α-Tocopherol on Leukocyte Expression of HSP72 in Response to Exhaustive Treadmill ExerciseInternational Journal of Sports Medicine, 2002
- Effect of prolonged, submaximal exercise and carbohydrate ingestion on monocyte intracellular cytokine production in humansThe Journal of Physiology, 2000
- Muscle contractions induce interleukin‐6 mRNA production in rat skeletal musclesThe Journal of Physiology, 2000
- Blood Mononudear Cells Mobilization and Cytokines Secretion During Prolonged ExercisesInternational Journal of Sports Medicine, 1996