Intraislet SLIT–ROBO signaling is required for beta-cell survival and potentiates insulin secretion
Open Access
- 24 September 2013
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
- Vol. 110 (41), 16480-16485
- https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1214312110
Abstract
We previously cataloged putative autocrine/paracrine signaling loops in pancreatic islets, including factors best known for their roles in axon guidance. Emerging evidence points to nonneuronal roles for these factors, including the Slit–Roundabout receptor (Robo) family, in cell growth, migration, and survival. We found SLIT1 and SLIT3 in both beta cells and alpha cells, whereas SLIT2 was predominantly expressed in beta cells. ROBO1 and ROBO2 receptors were detected in beta and alpha cells. Remarkably, even modest knockdown of Slit production resulted in significant beta-cell death, demonstrating a critical autocrine/paracrine survival role for this pathway. Indeed, recombinant SLIT1, SLIT2, and SLIT3 decreased serum deprivation, cytokine, and thapsigargin-induced cell death under hyperglycemic conditions. SLIT treatment also induced a gradual release of endoplasmic reticulum luminal Ca2+, suggesting a unique molecular mechanism capable of protecting beta cells from endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis. SLIT treatment was also associated with rapid actin remodeling. SLITs potentiated glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and increased the frequency of glucose-induced Ca2+ oscillations. These observations point to unexpected roles for local Slit secretion in the survival and function of pancreatic beta cells. Because diabetes results from a deficiency in functional beta-cell mass, these studies may contribute to therapeutic approaches for improving beta-cell survival and function.Keywords
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