ESSENTIALLY the only patients with lung cancer who survive for more than five years after diagnosis are those treated by surgical excision. The combined clinical material of the 23 hospitals of the Veterans Administration Surgical Adjuvant Cancer Chemotherapy Group organized in 1957 to study the possible benefits of chemotherapy in conjunction with surgery provided an excellent opportunity to compile information on the pathology, surgical management, and natural history of lung cancer.1 By July 1965, there were 147 patients living who had been operated upon more than five years previously. There were 203 additional three-year survivors for a total of 350. From the outset, the Follow-up Agency of the National Research Council has participated in the design of protocols as well as the collection, processing, and analysis of data. Thus far, the studies have failed to show any beneficial effect from any of the chemotherapy drugs used as surgical adjuvants