Colorectal cancer with Synchronous liver-limited Metastases: the protocol of an Inception Cohort study (CoSMIC)
Open Access
- 9 June 2017
- Vol. 7 (6), e015018
- https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-015018
Abstract
Introduction Colorectal cancer is the fourth most common cancer in the UK and an important cause of cancer-related death. In 20% of patients, there is metastasis to the liver or beyond at the time of diagnosis. The management of synchronous disease is complex. Conventional surgery removes the colorectal primary first, followed by chemotherapy, with resection of liver metastases as a final step. Advances in the availability and safety of liver surgery, anaesthesia and critical care have made two alternative options feasible. The first is synchronous resection of the primary and liver metastases. The second is resection of the metastatic disease as the first step, termed the reverse or liver-first approach. Currently, evidence is inadequate to inform the selection of care pathway for patients with colorectal cancer and synchronous liver-limited metastases. Specifically, optimal pathways are not defined and there is a dearth of prospectively recorded cohort-defining factors influencing treatment selection or outcome. Methods and analysis Colorectal cancer with Synchronous liver-limited Metastases: an Inception Cohort (CoSMIC) is an inception cohort study of patients with a new diagnosis of colorectal cancer with synchronous liver-limited metastases. The sequence of treatment received, and factors influencing treatment decisions, will be evaluated against European Society of Medical Oncology guidelines. Clinical data will be collected, and quality of life, morbidity, mortality and long-term outcome compared for different treatment sequences adjusted for prognostic factors. Disease-free survival or progression will be measured at 1, 2 and 5 years. A nested qualitative study will ascertain patient experiences and clinician perspectives on delivery of care. Ethics and dissemination The full study protocol was independently peer reviewed by Professor Kees de Jong (University of Maastricht, Holland). CoSMIC has ethical approval from the National Health Service Research Ethics Committee (14/NW/1397). Results will be disseminated to healthcare professionals and patient groups, and may be used to design a definitive trial addressing areas of equipoise in treatment pathways, as well as optimising current pathways to improve outcomes and experiences. Trial registration number NCT02456285, pre-results.Keywords
Funding Information
- Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
This publication has 31 references indexed in Scilit:
- The liver-first approach for synchronous colorectal liver metastasis: a 5-year single-centre experienceHPB, 2011
- Post-hepatectomy haemorrhage: a definition and grading by the International Study Group of Liver Surgery (ISGLS)HPB, 2011
- Bile leakage after hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery: A definition and grading of severity by the International Study Group of Liver SurgerySurgery, 2011
- Posthepatectomy liver failure: A definition and grading by the International Study Group of Liver Surgery (ISGLS)Surgery, 2011
- Comparison of simultaneous or delayed liver surgery for limited synchronous colorectal metastasesBritish Journal of Surgery, 2010
- Interobserver and intraobserver variability in the response evaluation of cancer therapy according to RECIST and WHO-criteriaActa Oncologica, 2010
- Influence of resection margin on survival in hepatic resections for colorectal liver metastasesHPB, 2009
- Epidemiology and Management of Liver Metastases From Colorectal CancerAnnals of Surgery, 2006
- Classification of Surgical ComplicationsAnnals of Surgery, 2004
- Surgery for Synchronous Hepatic Metastases of Colorectal CancerScandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 1988