A semiochemical-based toxic bait was compared with the standard treatment, weekly carbaryl sprays, for control of adult striped cucumber beetle, Acalymma vittatum (F.), in cantaloupe in 1991 and 1992. The striped cucumber beetle transmits the bacterium Erwinia tracheiphila (Smith) Bergey, Harrison, Breed, Hammer and Huntoon, which causes bacterial wilt in cantaloupe. The toxic dry bait contains 0.3% carbaryl, a feeding stimulant (cucurbitacin, 5.0%), and several floral attractants (0.5%). In 1992, a dry-flowablebait (liquid-bait) also was tested. The baits reduced beetle numbers on cantaloupe plants but not as quickly as the carbaryl spray. It took <2 h to eliminate beetles with carbaryl spray treatments and 24-48 h with dry- or liquid-bait treatments. However, dry bait continued to control beetles for 7 d, but beetle populations increased in carbaryl spray and liquid-bait treatments 4-5 d after application. Beetle damage and percentage of plants with bacterial wilt by first harvest were similar in the carbaryl and bait treatments. Significantly more flowers were pollinated and more early fruit were produced in the bait treatments and the control (no insecticides) compared with the carbaryl spray treatments. In 1991, dry-bait treatments had significantly greater yields than carbaryl treatments because of an outbreak of aphids in the carbaryl spray treatment. Final yields in 1992 were similar for carbaryl and both bait treatments.