Contingency and Choice in Organization Theory

Abstract

From reconstructing and reviewing the paradigm of contingency theory, its inherent economic determinism is rejected as being misleading. Supported by considerable evidence, 'scope of choice' is suggested to be crucial for the understanding of the nexus between environmental circumstances and organizational structure. Using the idea of 'scope of choice', consequences for further theorizing are outlined. An action-oriented approach is suggested which also allows for rational reasoning on normative issues. Some proposals for interpreting organizational structure as a subject of decision pro cesses are discussed. Special attention is given to the concept of strategic choice as a possible means of orienting organization research. Finally, issuing from the idea of 'scope of choice', normative questions are considered in an attempt to 'recall' the obligation of practical (normative) reasoning in organizational choice.