Empathy and social functioning in late adulthood
- 1 July 2008
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Taylor & Francis Ltd in Aging & Mental Health
- Vol. 12 (4), 499-503
- https://doi.org/10.1080/13607860802224243
Abstract
Objectives: Both cognitive and affective empathy are regarded as essential prerequisites for successful social functioning, and recent studies have suggested that cognitive, but not affective, empathy may be adversely affected as a consequence of normal adult aging. This decline in cognitive empathy is of concern, as older adults are particularly susceptible to the negative physical and mental health consequences of loneliness and social isolation. Method: The present study compared younger (N = 80) and older (N = 49) adults on measures of cognitive empathy, affective empathy, and social functioning. Results: Whilst older adults’ self-reported and performance-based cognitive empathy was significantly reduced relative to younger adults, there were no age-related differences in affective empathy. Older adults also reported involvement in significantly fewer social activities than younger adults, and cognitive empathy functioned as a partial mediator of this relationship. Conclusion: These findings are consistent with theoretical models that regard cognitive empathy as an essential prerequisite for good interpersonal functioning. However, the cross-sectional nature of the study leaves open the question of causality for future studies.Keywords
This publication has 32 references indexed in Scilit:
- Age deficits in the control of prepotent responses: Evidence for an inhibitory decline.Psychology and Aging, 2006
- Responding to the emotions of others: Dissociating forms of empathy through the study of typical and psychiatric populationsConsciousness and Cognition, 2005
- Social engagement and health outcomes among older people: introduction to a special sectionEuropean Journal of Ageing, 2005
- "Theory of Mind" in Schizophrenia: A Review of the LiteratureSchizophrenia Bulletin, 2005
- The Functional Architecture of Human EmpathyBehavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience Reviews, 2004
- Socioemotional Selectivity Theory and the Regulation of Emotion in the Second Half of LifeMotivation and Emotion, 2003
- Context processing in older adults: Evidence for a theory relating cognitive control to neurobiology in healthy aging.Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 2001
- The “Reading the Mind in the Eyes” Test Revised Version: A Study with Normal Adults, and Adults with Asperger Syndrome or High‐functioning AutismJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2001
- Another Advanced Test of Theory of Mind: Evidence from Very High Functioning Adults with Autism or Asperger SyndromeJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 1997
- The Social Functioning Scale the Development and Validation of a New Scale of Social Adjustment for use in Family Intervention Programmes with Schizophrenic PatientsThe British Journal of Psychiatry, 1990