A Multichannel Femtoampere-Sensitivity Potentiostat Array for Biosensing Applications
- 13 November 2006
- journal article
- Published by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers
- Vol. 53 (11), 2357-2363
- https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2006.884432
Abstract
Rapid and accurate detection of pathogens using conductometric biosensors requires potentiostats that can measure small variations in conductance. In this paper, we present an architecture and implementation of a multichannel potentiostat array based on a novel semi-synchronous sigma-delta (SigmaDelta) analog-to-digital conversion algorithm. The algorithm combines continuous time SigmaDelta with time-encoding machines, and enables measurement of currents down to femtoampere range. A 3-mmtimes3-mm chip implementing a 42-channel potentiostat array has been prototyped in a 0.5-mum CMOS technology. Measured results demonstrate that the prototype can achieve 10 bits of resolution, with a sensitivity down to 50-fA current. The power consumption of the potentiostat has been measured to be 11 muW per channel for a sampling rate of 250 kHz. Experiments with a conductometric biosensor specific to Bacillus Cereus bacterium, demonstrate the ability of the potentiostat in identifying different concentration levels of the pathogen in a biological sampleKeywords
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