Impact of laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy on symptoms, health‐related quality of life and sexuality: a medium‐term analysis

Abstract

Objective To evaluate the impact of laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy on symptoms, health‐related quality of life (HRQL) and sexuality among women with symptomatic urogenital prolapse (UGP). Patients and Methods A prospective analysis was carried out including 148 women with symptomatic UGP. Baseline characteristics, medical and obstetric history were recorded. The Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification (POP‐Q) classification was used to stage the UGP. Validated tools were used to evaluate symptoms (Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory, PFDI‐20) and HRQL (Pelvic Floor Impact Questionnaire, PFIQ‐7). Sexual function was evaluated using the Pelvic organ prolapse urinary Incontinence Sexual Questionnaire (PISQ‐12). Measurements were recorded at the preoperative examination, then at 3 and 12 months after surgery. We compared the follow‐up results with preoperative data. Results The anatomical results at 3 months showed a significant correction (P < 0.05) relative to the preoperative values, on the three pelvic floor parameters measured, with a clinical relapse rate of 6.3%. This improvement remained significant after 12 months (P < 0.05). There was no difference between the results obtained at 3 months and those at 12 months. At 3 months compared with the preoperative data, there was a significant improvement in PFDI‐20 total mean score (32.24 vs 94.31, P < 0.05). At 12 months, the improvement remained significant (38.06 vs 94.31, P < 0.05) for all scores compared with the preoperative scores. Again, there was no difference between results at 3 months, and those at 12 months. The results showed a significant improvement in the PFIQ‐7 score at 3 (16.61 vs 64.04, P < 0.05) and 12 months (18.21 vs 64.04, P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the scores at 3 months and those at 12months. The total PISQ‐12 score was linked significantly to urinary symptoms (P < 0.05), pelvic symptoms (P < 0.05) but not with ano‐rectal ones. At 3 months, the total mean PISQ‐12 score had improved significantly compared with the preoperative score (35.42 vs 32.07, P < 0.05). At this time, only two items of the PISQ‐12 questionnaire were significantly increased: ‘existence of negative emotions during sexual activity’ (P < 0.05) and ‘the avoidance of sexual activity because of prolapse’ (P < 0.05). The total mean score remained significantly improved at 12 months (36.56 vs 32.07, P < 0.05) and there was no statistical difference compared with the results at 3 months. Conclusions Laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy resulted in the early improvement (primarily during the first 3 months) of all symptoms, HRQL and sexual function. This improvement was persistent in the medium term. Symptoms linked with UGP had different effects on sexuality fields. Anatomical improvement was not related to an improvement in all sexual fields.