Antenatal administration of Rh‐immune globulin causes significant increases in the immunomodulatory cytokines transforming growth factor‐β and prostaglandin E2
- 28 July 2006
- journal article
- clinical trial
- Published by Wiley in Transfusion
- Vol. 46 (8), 1316-1322
- https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1537-2995.2006.00898.x
Abstract
Production of specific cytokines in response to administration of Rh-immune globulin (RhIG) was examined to assess the mechanism of inhibition of the anti-D production and prevention of hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN). Plasma levels of 17 different cytokines before and 48 hours after antenatal administration of anti-D were measured in 10 women candidates for prophylaxis with RhIG. No striking changes were observed in levels of the cytokines interleukin (IL)-1 sRII, IL-12 p40, IL-16, or monocyte chemoattractant protein-1. Levels of IL-4, -5, -10, -13, and -17; macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha; granulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating factor; tumor necrosis factor-beta; and interferon-gamma remained below detection levels both before and after testing. IL-1ra levels, however, showed a slight to moderate decrease in 7 of 10 women after RhIG administration. In contrast, levels of TGF-beta1 increased more than 1.3-fold in 7 of 10 women and more than 2-fold in 4 of 10 women; in 1 instance the increase was more than 5-fold and this woman also had a significant increase in TGF-beta2. In addition to TGF-beta, 5 of 10 women had a modest increase (>1.5-fold) in prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Analyses of the combined results of the 10 women showed that increases in both TGF-beta1 and PGE2 after RhIG were significant. These results indicate that RhIG prophylaxis can induce higher than baseline levels of two strongly immunomodulatory cytokines, TGF-beta and PGE2. These findings represent one possible mechanism for the inhibition of the primary immune response to the D antigen in women receiving RhIG prophylaxis for prevention of HDN.Keywords
This publication has 47 references indexed in Scilit:
- Apolipoprotein A-I induces IL-10 and PGE2 production in human monocytes and inhibits dendritic cell differentiation and maturationBiochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 2005
- Prostaglandin E2 is a potent regulator of interleukin-12- and interleukin-18-induced natural killer cell interferon-gamma synthesisImmunology, 2004
- TGF-β: the perpetrator of immune suppression by regulatory T cells and suicidal T cellsJournal of Leukocyte Biology, 2004
- Anti‐D (WinRho SD™) treatment of children with chronic autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura stimulates transient cytokine/chemokine productionAmerican Journal of Hematology, 2002
- Dendritic cells exposedin vitroto TGF-β1 ameliorate experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravisClinical and Experimental Immunology, 2002
- THE INTERLEUKIN-12/INTERLEUKIN-12-RECEPTOR SYSTEM: Role in Normal and Pathologic Immune ResponsesAnnual Review of Immunology, 1998
- The Role of Prostaglandin E2 in Immune Suppression Following InjuryAnnals of Surgery, 1991
- Results of Clinical Trials of RhoGAM* in WomenTransfusion, 1968
- Transplacental HaemorrhageBritish Journal of Haematology, 1966
- Experimental Studies on the Prevention of Rh Haemolytic DiseaseBMJ, 1961