Embryo and yolk compositional relationships in broiler hatching eggs during incubation

Abstract

Developmental relationships between yolk, embryo body, and embryo liver compositions during incubation were determined in two trials. In Trial 1, embryo body moisture, fat, and CP contents and embryo liver moisture and fat contents were determined. In Trial 2, relative yolk weights, moisture, fat, and fatty acid contents, relative wet and dry embryo weights and moisture contents, and relative wet and dry liver weights and moisture contents were determined. In Trial 1, embryo moisture decreased sigmoidally between Days 6 and 21, whereas embryo fat increased between Days 12 and 21 of incubation; embryo CP displayed sequential fluctuations throughout incubation. However, an overall significant decrease in embryo CP occurred between Days 6 and 21. Liver fat content increased between Days 12 and 21, whereas liver moisture decreased through Day 18, with a subsequent increase by Day 21. In Trial 2, relative yolk weight and moisture content decreased, whereas percentage yolk lipid content increased between Days 6 and 15. Relative wet and dry embryo weights changed in a similar manner, with rapid increases between Days 12 and 18 of incubation. Embryo moisture and CP were negatively correlated to embryo fat content. Furthermore, relative embryo and liver DM were related to yolk palmitic acid concentration, whereas yolk oleic acid was correlated only with liver DM. In conclusion, embryos and their livers displayed differential accumulations of moisture and DM during incubation, and these differences exhibited distinctive associations with various yolk fatty acids.