Explanatory Models of ADHD
- 1 October 1998
- journal article
- research article
- Published by SAGE Publications in Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders
- Vol. 6 (4), 233-242
- https://doi.org/10.1177/106342669800600405
Abstract
This study describes parents' understanding, or explanatory models, of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and examines how such explanatory models differ by ethnicity, child gender, treatment status, and sociodemographic status. Children with ADHD were identified through a two-stage study of a school district special education population; this study included a screening and a diagnostic phase. In addition, a survey concerning parent-reported knowledge and attitudes about ADHD, and ethnographic interviews—based on Kleinman's patient explanatory model—to elicit parental beliefs were conducted. White parents were more likely than African American parents to apply medical labels, expect a lifelong course, include school interventions in the desired treatment plan, and address academic and social outcomes. Compared to parents of boys, parents of affected girls were less likely to expect short duration of ADHD. Further research needs to be done to address the etiology of cultural and gender variations of explanatory models for ADHD, and to examine how specific explanatory styles affect help-seeking, treatment adherence, and outcomes for this important, treatable childhood condition.Keywords
This publication has 31 references indexed in Scilit:
- Children in special education programs: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, use of services, and unmet needs.American Journal of Public Health, 1998
- Help-Seeking Pathways for Children and AdolescentsJournal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders, 1996
- A Research Agenda for Health Education Among Underserved PopulationsHealth Education Quarterly, 1995
- Is self-esteem an important outcome in hyperactive children?Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 1995
- Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Section 504Remedial and Special Education, 1995
- Who gets treated? Factors associated with referral in children with psychiatric disordersActa Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 1990
- Anthropology and PsychiatryThe British Journal of Psychiatry, 1987
- The Prevalence of Attention Deficit Disorders in a Rural Midwestern Community Sample of Nine-Year-Old ChildrenJournal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry, 1985
- The Health Belief Model: A Decade LaterHealth Education Quarterly, 1984
- Common sense representations of common illnesses.Health Psychology, 1983