MR imaging in children with nonperforated acute appendicitis: value of unenhanced MR imaging in sonographically selected cases.

Abstract

The aim of this study was to describe the MR appearance of acute appendicitis and to determine the value of MR imaging for diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Forty-five children (28 girls, 17 boys), 7-16 years old (mean age, 13 years old), with clinically diagnosed acute appendicitis underwent independently graded compression sonography by two radiologists. MR imaging was performed when sonography revealed acute appendicitis (observer 1, 16 [36%] patients; observer 2, 18 [40%] patients), was inconclusive (observer 1, two [4%] patients; observer 2, one [2%] patient), and was interpreted as normal (observer 1, two [4%] patients; observer 2, one [2%] patient) (n = 20). Axial T1-weighted turbo spin-echo sequences, T2-weighted turbo spin-echo sequences in the axial and coronal planes, and fat-suppressed short inversion time inversion recovery turbo spin-echo sequences in the axial plane (4-mm slice thickness) were obtained and evaluated independently by two radiologists. The ability to see acute appendicitis with MR imaging was evaluated, the appearance and morphologic changes were described, and the most accurate sequence was determined. All children in whom MR imaging was performed underwent surgery. MR imaging revealed acute appendicitis in all cases (100%) by both observers. On T2-weighted ultra turbo spin-echo images, acute appendicitis appeared with a markedly hyperintense center, a slightly hyperintense thickened wall, and markedly hyperintense periappendiceal tissue. Unenhanced axial T2-weighted spin-echo imaging was the most sensitive sequence. In this study group, MR imaging was a valuable technique for depiction of acute appendicitis.