Solvent-Free Synthesis of Functionalized Flavones under Microwave Irradiation

Abstract
Eco-friendly direct solvent-free synthesis of flavones is achieved by microwave irradiation of phloroglucinol and β-ketoesters. Heating with microwaves versus under classical conditions was shown to be higher yielding, cleaner, and faster. The reaction goes through a cycloaddition of an α-oxo ketene intermediate followed by an uncatalyzed thermal Fries rearrangement.