PPARγExpression and Function in Mycobacterial Infection: Roles in Lipid Metabolism, Immunity, and Bacterial Killing
Open Access
- 1 January 2012
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Hindawi Limited in PPAR Research
- Vol. 2012, 1-7
- https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/383829
Abstract
Tuberculosis continues to be a global health threat, with drug resistance and HIV coinfection presenting challenges for its control.Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the etiological agent of tuberculosis, is a highly adapted pathogen that has evolved different strategies to subvert the immune and metabolic responses of host cells. Although the significance of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR) activation by mycobacteria is not fully understood, recent findings are beginning to uncover a critical role for PPARduring mycobacterial infection. Here, we will review the molecular mechanisms that regulate PPARexpression and function during mycobacterial infection. Current evidence indicates that mycobacterial infection causes a time-dependent increase in PPARexpression through mechanisms that involve pattern recognition receptor activation. Mycobacterial triggered increased PPARexpression and activation lead to increased lipid droplet formation and downmodulation of macrophage response, suggesting that PPARexpression might aid the mycobacteria in circumventing the host response acting as an escape mechanism. Indeed, inhibition of PPARenhances mycobacterial killing capacity of macrophages, suggesting a role of PPARin favoring the establishment of chronic infection. Collectively, PPARis emerging as a regulator of tuberculosis pathogenesis and an attractive target for the development of adjunctive tuberculosis therapies.
Keywords
Funding Information
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología
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