Increasing Preload Volume with Water Reduces Rated Appetite But Not Food Intake in Healthy Men Even with Minimum Delay Between Preload and Test Meal
- 1 January 2003
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Informa UK Limited in Nutritional Neuroscience
- Vol. 6 (1), 29-37
- https://doi.org/10.1080/1028415021000056032
Abstract
The role of gastric volume in the short-term control of eating in humans remains unclear, with some studies reporting that food volume alone can reduce appetite but others finding no such effect. A recent study in our laboratory, found effects of preload volume on subjective appetite (hunger, fullness) but not intake, and found effects of preload energy on intake but not appetite. That study used an interval of 30 min between serving preloads and the test meal, and the present study attempted to maximise the effects of the volume manipulation by removing the delay between the preload and test meal. We administered four soup-based preloads varying in volume (150 and 450 ml) using water, and energy density (1.4 and 4.2 kJ/ml) using maltodextrin, producing three energy levels (209, 629, 629 and 1886 kJ; repeated measures). These were followed immediately by an unlimited hot pasta lunch, during which food weight was monitored continuously by computer. Increasing soup volume at constant energy (629 kJ) reduced appetite ratings, but not intake. In contrast, increasing soup energy at constant volume (450 ml) reduced intake, without affecting appetite. The discrepancies between our results and other reported studies suggest that volume is more influential when intakes are large, or that there may be a threshold concentration for nutrients in the GI tract before volume alone is tangibly expressed in subsequent eating.Keywords
This publication has 14 references indexed in Scilit:
- Dissociation of the effects of preload volume and energy content on subjective appetite and food intakePhysiology & Behavior, 2002
- Effects of test-meal palatability on compensatory eating following disguised fat and carbohydrate preloadsInternational Journal of Obesity, 2001
- Rating changes over the course of meals: what do they tell us about motivation to eat?Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 2000
- Volume of food consumed affects satiety in menThe American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 1998
- Relative effects of carbohydrates and protein on satiety — a review of methodologyNeuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 1997
- Effects of Weight and Energy Content of Preloads on Subsequent Appetite and Food IntakeAppetite, 1996
- Appetite Control and Energy (Fuel) BalanceNutrition Research Reviews, 1995
- The three-factor eating questionnaire to measure dietary restraint, disinhibition and hungerJournal of Psychosomatic Research, 1985
- Pleasantness changes and food intake in a varied four-course mealAppetite, 1984
- The satiating efficiency of foodsPhysiology & Behavior, 1984