Paramedian transmuscular access to C-3 dumbbell-type neurofibroma without paravertebral muscle dissection from the spinous process or facetectomy

Abstract

✓ SThe authors devised a paramedian transmuscular approach to the C2–3 facet joint that enabled total removal of C-3 dumbbell-type neurofibroma; dissection of the paravertebral muscles from the spinous process was not required and the facet joint was preserved. Only splitting or retraction of the paravertebral muscles was necessary. The anatomical features and procedures involved in muscle splitting are described.