Spatial heterogeneity of daphniid parasitism within lakes
- 13 April 2005
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Springer Science and Business Media LLC in Oecologia
- Vol. 143 (4), 635-644
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-005-0005-8
Abstract
Spatially explicit models show that local interactions of hosts and parasites can strongly influence invasion and persistence of parasites and can create lasting spatial patchiness of parasite distributions. These predictions have been supported by experiments conducted in two-dimensional landscapes. Yet, three-dimensional systems, such as lakes, ponds, and oceans, have received comparatively little attention from epidemiologists. Freshwater zooplankton hosts often aggregate horizontally and vertically in lakes, potentially leading to local host–parasite interactions in one-, two-, or three-dimensions. To evaluate the potential spatial component of daphniid parasitism driven by these local interactions (patchiness), we surveyed vertical and horizontal heterogeneity of pelagic Daphnia infected with multiple microparasites in several north temperate lakes. These surveys uncovered little evidence for persistent vertical patchiness of parasitism, since the prevalence of two parasites showed little consistent trend with depth in four lakes (but more heterogeneity during day than at night). On a horizontal scale of tens of meters, we found little systematic evidence of strong aggregation and spatial patterning of daphniid hosts and parasites. Yet, we observed broad-scale, basin-wide patterns of parasite prevalence. These patterns suggest that nearshore offshore gradients, rather than local-scale interactions, could play a role in governing epidemiology of this open water host–parasite system.Keywords
This publication has 37 references indexed in Scilit:
- Selective predators and their parasitized prey: Are epidemics in zooplankton under top-down control?Limnology and Oceanography, 2005
- Model Selection and Multimodel Inference: A Practical Information-Theoretic ApproachThe Journal of Wildlife Management, 2003
- Temporal and Spatial Dynamics of Parasite Richness in a Daphnia MetapopulationEcology, 2001
- The Effect of Parasites on Host Population Density and Extinction: Experimental Epidemiology withDaphniaand Six MicroparasitesThe American Naturalist, 2000
- Individual-based Perspectives on R0Journal of Theoretical Biology, 2000
- Correlation models for childhood epidemicsProceedings. Biological sciences, 1997
- Habitat segregation and interactive effects of multiple predators on a prey assemblageFreshwater Biology, 1997
- Population Dynamics and Genetics of Plant Disease: A Case Study of Anther‐ Smut DiseaseEcology, 1996
- Aggregation and Coexistence in a Carrion Fly CommunityEcological Monographs, 1991
- Spatial Heterogeneity in Freshwater Zooplankton: Variation with Body Size, Depth, and ScaleEcology, 1988