Urothelial tumorigenesis: a tale of divergent pathways
- 19 August 2005
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Springer Science and Business Media LLC in Nature Reviews Cancer
- Vol. 5 (9), 713-725
- https://doi.org/10.1038/nrc1697
Abstract
Urothelial carcinoma of the bladder is unique among epithelial carcinomas in its divergent pathways of tumorigenesis. Low-grade papillary tumours rarely become muscle-invasive and they frequently harbour gene mutations that constitutively activate the receptor tyrosine kinase-Ras pathway. By contrast, most high-grade invasive tumours progress to life-threatening metastases and have defects in the p53 and the retinoblastoma protein pathways. Correcting pathway-specific defects represents an attractive strategy for the molecular therapy of urothelial carcinomas.Keywords
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