Endothelial Dysfunction in the Apolipoprotein E-deficient Mouse: insights into the influence of diet, gender and aging
Open Access
- 14 November 2011
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Springer Science and Business Media LLC in Lipids in Health and Disease
- Vol. 10 (1), 211
- https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-511x-10-211
Abstract
Since the early 1990s, several strains of genetically modified mice have been developed as models for experimental atherosclerosis. Among the available models, the apolipoprotein E-deficient (apoE-/-) mouse is of particular relevance because of its propensity to spontaneously develop hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerotic lesions that are similar to those found in humans, even when the mice are fed a chow diet. The main purpose of this review is to highlight the key achievements that have contributed to elucidating the mechanisms pertaining to vascular dysfunction in the apoE-/- mouse. First, we summarize lipoproteins and atherosclerosis phenotypes in the apoE-/- mouse, and then we briefly discuss controversial evidence relative to the influence of gender on the development of atherosclerosis in this murine model. Second, we discuss the main mechanisms underlying the endothelial dysfunction of conducting vessels and resistance vessels and examine how this vascular defect can be influenced by diet, aging and gender in the apoE-/- mouse.Keywords
This publication has 125 references indexed in Scilit:
- Superoxide Dismutases: Role in Redox Signaling, Vascular Function, and DiseasesAntioxidants and Redox Signaling, 2011
- NADPH oxidases in cardiovascular disease: insights from in vivo models and clinical studiesBasic Research in Cardiology, 2011
- Early hypercholesterolemia contributes to vasomotor dysfunction and injury associated atherogenesis that can be inhibited by nitric oxideJournal of Vascular Surgery, 2011
- Chronic administration of BMS309403 improves endothelial function in apolipoprotein E‐deficient mice and in cultured human endothelial cellsBritish Journal of Pharmacology, 2010
- Gender Differences in Cardiovascular Disease: Hormonal and Biochemical InfluencesReproductive Sciences, 2010
- NADPH Oxidases: Functions and Pathologies in the VasculatureArteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, 2010
- Paraoxonase 1 gene transfer lowers vascular oxidative stress and improves vasomotor function in apolipoprotein E‐deficient mice with pre‐existing atherosclerosisBritish Journal of Pharmacology, 2008
- Anatomical differences and atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice with 129/SvEv and C57BL/6 genetic backgroundsAtherosclerosis, 2007
- Spontaneous Hypercholesterolemia and Arterial Lesions in Mice Lacking Apolipoprotein EScience, 1992
- Generation of mice carrying a mutant apolipoprotein E gene inactivated by gene targeting in embryonic stem cells.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1992