Opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy without bone graft

Abstract

Open wedge high tibial osteotomy has become the trend for correction of varus knee deformities. The drawbacks were the need of autogenous bone graft with its associated morbidity, and later the use of bone substitutes with their cost and delayed healing. In this study, a total of 58 consecutive patients underwent high tibial osteotomy with internal fixation by wedge (toothed) plate and screws without bone graft, from 2004 to 2008. Age of the patients ranged from 24 to 65 years. There were 37 women and 21 men. The osteotomy opening size ranged from 8 to 14 mm. The mean follow-up was 38 months. The osteotomy united in all patients. Average time to union was 12.4 weeks (range 8–16 weeks). Partial loss of correction occurred in one osteotomy. There was significant difference between the healing time and the size of the osteotomy opening. The results at the final follow-up using the HSS score were excellent in 51 knees (88%) and good in seven knees (12%). Despite the routine addition of bone graft as a part of the high tibial osteotomy procedure, this study supports medial opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy up to 14 mm without bone graft or bone substitutes, which shortens the operative time and avoids unnecessary morbidity.