Consumption of dietary salt measured by urinary sodium excretion and its association with body weight status in healthy children and adolescents
- 20 September 2011
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Cambridge University Press (CUP) in Public Health Nutrition
- Vol. 15 (3), 433-441
- https://doi.org/10.1017/s1368980011002138
Abstract
Objective: Highly processed foods such as convenience foods usually have a high salt content and therefore might indirectly act as adipogenic due to an increasing consumption of sugar-containing beverages (SCB). We examined the association between dietary salt and body weight status.Design: We used data on urinary Na excretion as an indicator of dietary salt and BMI standard deviation score (BMI-SDS) and percentage body fat (%BF) of children and adolescents participating in the DONALD (Dortmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed) Study.Setting: Dortmund, Germany.Subjects: Children and adolescents (n 364) who had at least two 24 h urine samples and two dietary records in the observational period between 2003 and 2009 were considered in our data analysis.Results: Repeated-measures regression models revealed that urinary Na was positively associated with BMI-SDS (+0·202 SDS/g Na excretion at baseline; P < 0·001) and %BF (+1·303 %BF/g Na excretion at baseline; P < 0·01) at baseline in boys and girls. These associations remained significant after adjustment for SCB consumption and total energy intake. Furthermore, there was a positive trend between baseline Na excretion and the individual change in %BF in the study period (+0·364 increase in %BF/g Na excretion at baseline), which was confirmed after inclusion of SCB consumption or total energy intake. There was no significant association between the change in Na excretion and the concurrent change of either BMI-SDS or %BF in any model.Conclusions: Our results suggest that a high intake of processed salty foods could have a negative impact on body weight status in children and adolescents independently from their consumption of SCB.Keywords
This publication has 18 references indexed in Scilit:
- Convenience foods in children's diet and association with dietary quality and body weight statusEuropean Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2010
- Salt intake in young Swedish menPublic Health Nutrition, 2009
- Soft drinks and body weight development in childhood: is there a relationship?Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care, 2009
- Salt restriction in kidney disease—a missed therapeutic opportunity?Pediatric Nephrology, 2009
- Sugar-sweetened beverages, weight gain and nutritional epidemiological study designBritish Journal of Nutrition, 2008
- The Mineral Depletion of Foods Available to US as A Nation (1940–2002) – A Review of the 6th Edition of McCance and WiddowsonNutrition and Health, 2007
- Regional Adiposity and Insulin ResistanceJournal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 2004
- The DONALD StudyEuropean Journal of Nutrition, 2004
- Anthropometry-based reference values for 24-h urinary creatinine excretion during growth and their use in endocrine and nutritional researchThe American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2002
- Perzentile für den Body-mass-Index für das Kindes- und Jugendalter unter Heranziehung verschiedener deutscher StichprobenMonatsschrift Kinderheilkunde, 2001