Efficient isolation of HIV from plasma during different stages of HIV infection
- 1 September 1988
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Wiley in Journal of Medical Virology
- Vol. 26 (1), 23-32
- https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.1890260105
Abstract
Attempts to isolate human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from blood plasma using inoculation of pellets from ultracentrifuged samples into cultures of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) resulted in a high overall recovery rate (75%) of the virus from 76 patients in various stages of HIV infection. The recovery rate was dependent on the stage of infection; in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) it was 100%, in AIDS‐related complex (ARC) 86%, in persistent generalized lymphadenopathy (PGL) 64%, and in asymptomatic patients 54%. The HIV isolation rates compared favorably with those obtained after cocultivation of patient and target PBMC (overall recovery rate 67%). HIV was isolated from plasma but not from PBMC in 8 cases, whereas the reverse was true in 3 of 71 simultaneously tested cases. Isolation from plasma was found to be superior to detection of serum p24 antigen for the demonstration of HIV (positivity rates 75% and 30%, respectively). The time to appearance of p24 antigen in cultures inoculated with HIV‐containing plasma samples was inversely related to the presence of detectable p24 antigen in serum. There was a significantly shorter time to culture positivity of plasma samples from AIDS and ARC patients than from PGL and asymptomatic patients. These results suggested that there is a progressive increase in the concentrations of infectious HIV in plasma from the asymptomatic to the AIDS stage. HIV isolation from plasma samples is a reliable means of demonstrating HIV viremia and has obvious advantages over the more commonly used cocultivation procedures. The frequent occurrence of cell‐free, infectious HIV in plasma suggests that the majority of HIV‐infected patients have a relative lack of functional neutralizing antibodies against the virus, at least during the late stages of disease.Keywords
This publication has 18 references indexed in Scilit:
- HIV transmission by blood transfusions in Stockholm 1979–1985AIDS, 1988
- Comparison of enzyme immunoassay and reverse transcriptase assay for detection of HIV in culture supernatesJournal of Virological Methods, 1987
- Isolation of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from plasma during primary HIV infectionJournal of Medical Virology, 1987
- Inhibitory effect of dextran sulfate and heparin on the replication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in vitroAntiviral Research, 1987
- HIV Isolation from Plasma of HIV-Infected PersonsNew England Journal of Medicine, 1987
- HIV ANTIGENAEMIA AND VIRUS ISOLATION FROM PLASMA DURING PRIMARY HIV INFECTIONThe Lancet, 1987
- Induction of HTLV-III/LAV from a Nonvirus-Producing T-Cell Line: Implications for LatencyScience, 1986
- Isolation of HTLV-III from Cerebrospinal Fluid and Neural Tissues of Patients with Neurologic Syndromes Related to the Acquired Immunodeficiency SyndromeNew England Journal of Medicine, 1985
- HTLV-III in Saliva of People with AIDS-Related Complex and Healthy Homosexual Men at Risk for AIDSScience, 1984
- Frequent Detection and Isolation of Cytopathic Retroviruses (HTLV-III) from Patients with AIDS and at Risk for AIDSScience, 1984