Pseudorabies Virus Us9 Directs Axonal Sorting of Viral Capsids
Open Access
- 15 October 2007
- journal article
- research article
- Published by American Society for Microbiology in Journal of Virology
- Vol. 81 (20), 11363-11371
- https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.01281-07
Abstract
Pseudorabies virus (PRV) mutants lacking the Us9 gene cannot spread from presynaptic to postsynaptic neurons in the rat visual system, although retrograde spread remains unaffected. We sought to recapitulate these findings in vitro using the isolator chamber system developed in our lab for analysis of the transneuronal spread of infection. The wild-type PRV Becker strain spreads efficiently to postsynaptic neurons in vitro, whereas the Us9-null strain does not. As determined by indirect immunofluorescence, the axons of Us9-null infected neurons do not contain the glycoproteins gB and gE, suggesting that their axonal sorting is dependent on Us9. Importantly, we failed to detect viral capsids in the axons of Us9-null infected neurons. We confirmed this observation by using three different techniques: by direct fluorescence of green fluorescent protein-tagged capsids; by transmission electron microscopy; and by live-cell imaging in cultured, sympathetic neurons. This finding has broad impact on two competing models for how virus particles are trafficked inside axons during anterograde transport and redefines a role for Us9 in viral sorting and transport.Keywords
This publication has 30 references indexed in Scilit:
- In Vitro Analysis of Transneuronal Spread of an Alphaherpesvirus Infection in Peripheral Nervous System NeuronsJournal of Virology, 2007
- Viral regulation of the long distance axonal transport of herpes simplex virus nucleocapsidNeuroscience, 2007
- Two Modes of Herpesvirus Trafficking in Neurons: Membrane Acquisition Directs MotionJournal of Virology, 2006
- Herpes Simplex Virus Capsids Are Transported in Neuronal Axons without an Envelope Containing the Viral GlycoproteinsJournal of Virology, 2006
- Alpha-Herpesvirus Infection Induces the Formation of Nuclear Actin FilamentsPLoS Pathogens, 2006
- Neuron-to-Cell Spread of Pseudorabies Virus in a Compartmented Neuronal Culture SystemJournal of Virology, 2005
- Efficient Axonal Localization of Alphaherpesvirus Structural Proteins in Cultured Sympathetic Neurons Requires Viral Glycoprotein EJournal of Virology, 2005
- Heterogeneity of a Fluorescent Tegument Component in Single Pseudorabies Virus Virions and Enveloped Axonal AssembliesJournal of Virology, 2005
- Recent advances in the use of neurotropic viruses for circuit analysisCurrent Opinion in Neurobiology, 2003
- Herpes simplex virus infection of the human sensory neuronArchiv für die gesamte Virusforschung, 1988