Cotrimoxazole Prophylaxis Specifically Selects for Cotrimoxazole Resistance inStreptococcus mutansandStreptococcus sobrinuswith Varied Polymorphisms in the Target GenesfolAandfolP
Open Access
- 1 January 2012
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Hindawi Limited in International Journal of Microbiology
- Vol. 2012, 1-10
- https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/916129
Abstract
The selection of antibiotic resistance by cotrimoxazole prophylaxis was evaluated, and we characterized the mechanism of cotrimoxazole resistance inStreptococcus mutansandStreptococcus sobrinus.In vitrosusceptibility to six antibiotics was evaluated on 64 mutans streptococci group (MSG) isolates from a cotrimoxazole prophylaxis group and compared to 84 MSG isolates from a nonprophylaxis group. ThefolAandfolPgenes were sequenced and compared with reference sequences at NCBI. Only resistance to cotrimoxazole was significantly higher in the prophylaxis group (54.7% versus 15.5%,, 95% CI: 2.89–15.3,). Resistance to amoxicillin, ceftriaxone, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, and tetracycline was 1.4%, 25.5%, 6.2%, 6.5%, and 29.6% of the isolates, respectively. Considerable polymorphisms were found in thefolPgene inS. mutans, but this could not be linked to sulfonamide drug resistance. No variation was seen infolPorfolAgenes ofS. sobrinus. Genetic transfer of folate pathway genes seems unlikely in these isolates.
Keywords
Funding Information
- Swedish Agency for Research Cooperation
This publication has 28 references indexed in Scilit:
- Comparative genomic analyses of Streptococcus mutans provide insights into chromosomal shuffling and species-specific contentBMC Genomics, 2009
- Cotrimoxazole resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae and commensal streptococci from Kampala, UgandaScandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2009
- A Naturally Occurring Gene Amplification Leading to Sulfonamide and Trimethoprim Resistance in Streptococcus agalactiaeJournal of Bacteriology, 2008
- Inhibitory activity of garlic (Allium sativum) extract on multidrug-resistantStreptococcus mutansSaudi Journal of Kidney Diseases and Transplantation, 2007
- Comparison of culture media and chairside assays for enumerating mutans streptococciJournal of Applied Microbiology, 2006
- Reduced susceptibility to penicillin of viridans group streptococci in the oral cavity of patients with haematological diseaseClinical Microbiology & Infection, 2004
- Oropharyngeal carriage of macrolide-resistant viridans group streptococci: a prevalence study among healthy adults in BelgiumJournal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 2004
- Mutations and Horizontal Transmission Have Contributed to Sulfonamide Resistance inStreptococcus pyogenesMicrobial Drug Resistance, 2003
- Pneumocystis cariniiMutations Are Associated with Duration of Sulfa or Sulfone Prophylaxis Exposure in AIDS PatientsThe Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2000
- A scheme for the identification of viridans streptococciJournal of Medical Microbiology, 1991