Phosphorescent heavy-metal complexes for bioimaging
Top Cited Papers
- 21 January 2011
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) in Chemical Society Reviews
- Vol. 40 (5), 2508-2524
- https://doi.org/10.1039/c0cs00114g
Abstract
The application of phosphorescent heavy-metal complexes with d6 , d8 and d10 electron configurations for bioimaging is a new and promising research field and has been attracting increasing interest. In this critical review, we systematically evaluate the advantages of phosphorescent heavy-metal complexes as bioimaging probes, including their photophysical properties, cytotoxicity and cellular uptake mechanisms. The progress of research into the use of phosphorescent heavy-metal complexes for staining different compartments of cells, monitoring intracellular functional species, providing targeted bioimaging, two-photon bioimaging, small-animal bioimaging, multimodal bioimaging and time-resolved bioimaging is summarized. In addition, several possible future directions in this field are also discussed (133 references).Keywords
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