Enumeration and Characterization of Antimicrobial-Resistant Escherichia coli Bacteria in Effluent from Municipal, Hospital, and Secondary Treatment Facility Sources
- 15 July 2010
- journal article
- research article
- Published by American Society for Microbiology in Applied and Environmental Microbiology
- Vol. 76 (14), 4772-4779
- https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.02898-09
Abstract
We describe a modification of the most probable number (MPN) method for rapid enumeration of antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli bacteria in aqueous environmental samples. E. coli (total and antimicrobial-resistant) bacteria were enumerated in effluent samples from a hospital ( n = 17) and municipal sewers upstream ( n = 5) and downstream ( n = 5) from the hospital, effluent samples from throughout the treatment process ( n = 4), and treated effluent samples ( n = 13). Effluent downstream from the hospital contained a higher proportion of antimicrobial-resistant E. coli than that upstream from the hospital. Wastewater treatment reduced the numbers of E. coli bacteria (total and antimicrobial resistant); however, antimicrobial-resistant E. coli was not eliminated, and E. coli resistant to cefotaxime (including extended-spectrum beta-lactamase [ESBL] producers), ciprofloxacin, and cefoxitin was present in treated effluent samples.Keywords
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