Health Risk-Based Assessment and Management of Heavy Metals-Contaminated Soil Sites in Taiwan
Open Access
- 11 October 2010
- journal article
- research article
- Published by MDPI AG in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
- Vol. 7 (10), 3595-3614
- https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph7103596
Abstract
Risk-based assessment is a way to evaluate the potential hazards of contaminated sites and is based on considering linkages between pollution sources, pathways, and receptors. These linkages can be broken by source reduction, pathway management, and modifying exposure of the receptors. In Taiwan, the Soil and Groundwater Pollution Remediation Act (SGWPR Act) uses one target regulation to evaluate the contamination status of soil and groundwater pollution. More than 600 sites contaminated with heavy metals (HMs) have been remediated and the costs of this process are always high. Besides using soil remediation techniques to remove contaminants from these sites, the selection of possible remediation methods to obtain rapid risk reduction is permissible and of increasing interest. This paper discusses previous soil remediation techniques applied to different sites in Taiwan and also clarified the differences of risk assessment before and after soil remediation obtained by applying different risk assessment models. This paper also includes many case studies on: (1) food safety risk assessment for brown rice growing in a HMs-contaminated site; (2) a tiered approach to health risk assessment for a contaminated site; (3) risk assessment for phytoremediation techniques applied in HMs-contaminated sites; and (4) soil remediation cost analysis for contaminated sites in Taiwan.This publication has 14 references indexed in Scilit:
- Remediation techniques and heavy metal uptake by different rice varieties in metal-contaminated soils of Taiwan: New aspects for food safety regulation and sustainable agricultureSoil Science and Plant Nutrition, 2010
- Prediction of Cadmium uptake by brown rice and derivation of soil–plant transfer models to improve soil protection guidelinesEnvironmental Pollution, 2009
- Characterization of soil heavy metal pools in paddy fields in Taiwan: chemical extraction and solid-solution partitioningJournal of Soils and Sediments, 2009
- Parameters causing variation between soil screening values and the effect of harmonizationJournal of Soils and Sediments, 2008
- Risk-based evaluation of the exposure of children to trace elements in playgrounds in Madrid (Spain)Chemosphere, 2007
- Health-Based Screening Levels to Evaluate U.S. Geological Survey Ground water Quality DataRisk Analysis, 2006
- Genotypic variation in grain cadmium concentration of lowland riceJournal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 2006
- Comparison of Soil Clean-up Standards for Trace Elements Between Countries: Why do they differ? (9 pages)Journal of Soils and Sediments, 2006
- Trace elements in agroecosystems and impacts on the environmentJournal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology, 2005
- Cadmium and lead contamination of soils near plastic stabilizing materials producing plants in Northern TaiwanWater, Air, & Soil Pollution, 1991