Chemical mutagenesis testing in Drosophila. X. Results of 70 coded chemicals tested for the national toxicology‐program

Abstract

Seventy chemicals were tested for the ability to induce sex‐linked recessive lethal (SLRL) mutations in postmeiotic and meiotic germ cells of male Drosophila melanogaster. As in the previous studies in this series, adult feeding was chosen as the first route of administration. If the compound failed to induce mutations by this route, injection exposure was used. Two chemicals, n‐butane and propylene, were gaseous and therefore tested only by inhalation. One chemical (dimethylcar‐bamoyl chloride) was tested only by injection. Those chemicals that were mutagenic in the SLRL assay were further tested for the ability to induce reciprocal translocations. Sixteen of the 70 chemicals tested were mutagenic in the SLRL assay: 3‐chloro‐2‐methylpropene, 3‐(chloromethyl)pyridine HCI, dimethyl‐carbamoyl chloride, HC blue 1,3‐iodo‐1,2‐propanediol, malaoxon, N,N′‐methylene‐bisacrylamide, 4,4′‐methylenedianiline 2HCI, ziram, cis‐dichlorodiaminoplatinum II, 1,2‐dibromo‐ethane, dibromomannitol, 1,2‐epoxypropane, glycidol, myleran, and toluene diisocyanate. The last seven also induced reciprocal translocations. A comparison of the results from the SLRL assay with other assays for mutagens and carcinogens suggests that the SLRL assay is highly specific, but poorly sensitive, both for mutagens and potential carcinogens. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.^†