Effects of exercise training in the elderly: impact of progressive-resistance training on skeletal muscle and whole-body protein metabolism

Abstract

The declines in functional capacity and muscle function with advancing age are well-documented. In addition, it appears that the age-related changes in body composition have profound effects on functional capacity and nutrient requirements. The overwhelming evidence presented in the present review suggests that the loss of muscle strength and function observed with advancing age is reversible even in the frail elderly. Along with the profound functional improvement in older individuals in response to progressive-resistance training, several studies have reported increases in resting energy expenditure and increased requirements for dietary protein. Exercise programmes designed to improve muscle strength be recommended for older individuals as an effective countermeasure to the sarcopenia of old age.