Update on tuberculosis biomarkers: From correlates of risk, to correlates of active disease and of cure from disease
Top Cited Papers
- 18 February 2018
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Wiley in Respirology
- Vol. 23 (5), 455-466
- https://doi.org/10.1111/resp.13272
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a devastating disease, yet despite its enormous toll on global health, tools to control TB are insufficient and often outdated. TB Biomarkers (TB-BM) would constitute extremely useful tools to measure infection status and predict outcome of infection, vaccination or therapy. There are several types of TB-BM: Correlate of Infection; Correlate of TB Disease; Correlate of Increased Risk of Developing Active TB Disease; Correlate of the Curative Response to Therapy; and Correlate of Protection (CoP). Most TB-BM currently studied are host-derived BM, and consist of transcriptomic, proteomic, metabolomic, cellular markers or marker combinations (‘signatures’). In particular, vaccine-inducible CoP are expected to be transformative in developing new TB vaccines as they will de-risk vaccine research and development (R&D) as well as human testing at an early stage. In addition, CoP could also help minimizing the need for preclinical studies in experimental animals. Of key importance is that TB-BM are tested and validated in different well-characterized human TB cohorts, preferably with complementary profiles and geographically diverse populations: genetic and environmental factors such as (viral) coinfections, exposure to non-tuberculous mycobacteria, nutritional status, metabolic status, age (infants vs children vs adolescents vs adults) and other factors impact host immune set points and host responses across different populations. In this study, we review the most recent advances in research into TB-BM for the diagnosis of active TB, risk of TB development and treatment-induced TB cure.Keywords
Funding Information
- National Institutes of Health (NIH 1R21AI127133-01)
- European Commission (643381-TBVAC2020- H2020-PHC-2014-2015)
- Ministero della Salute (RF-2011-02348713)
This publication has 115 references indexed in Scilit:
- Transcriptional Blood Signatures Distinguish Pulmonary Tuberculosis, Pulmonary Sarcoidosis, Pneumonias and Lung CancersPLOS ONE, 2013
- Utility of Host Markers Detected in Quantiferon Supernatants for the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis in Children in a High-Burden SettingPLOS ONE, 2013
- Induced Sputum MMP-1, -3 & -8 Concentrations during Treatment of TuberculosisPLOS ONE, 2013
- Elucidating Novel Serum Biomarkers Associated with Pulmonary Tuberculosis TreatmentPLOS ONE, 2013
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis‐specific CD8+ T cells are functionally and phenotypically different between latent infection and active diseaseEuropean Journal of Immunology, 2013
- Predictive value of interferon-γ release assays for incident active tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysisThe Lancet Infectious Diseases, 2011
- Extracellular microRNA: A new source of biomarkersMutation Research, 2011
- Sputum monitoring during tuberculosis treatment for predicting outcome: systematic review and meta-analysisThe Lancet Infectious Diseases, 2010
- Breath biomarkers of active pulmonary tuberculosisTuberculosis, 2010
- Polyfunctional T cell responses are a hallmark of HIV‐2 infectionEuropean Journal of Immunology, 2008