SYNOPSIS Integumcntirv secietory cells and glands inveitebiate animals are systemati cally surveyed and basic attnbutes of then adaptive evolution are outlined Moi phogenetic lines of secretory epideimal cells are fundamentaland present a pnmaiy dichotomy between mucous and piotcinaceous stem lines Adaptive evolution of integumentary glandulir cells can not be sepaiated from the cytogenesis and evolution of other synthetically active epideimal cells including thosewhich seciete without having a glandulii moiphology Glandular microevolutionny patterns aie coirelated with evolving intciactions between enviionment and oiganism and aie mterpietible only on the basis of studies lntegiaung the appioaches ind techniques of diffciuit zoological spornllics