A high-current IrO/sub x/ thin-film neuromuscular microstimulator
- 9 December 2002
- conference paper
- conference paper
- Published by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Abstract
The authors report the development of a high-current stimulating electrode and a versatile fabrication technology required for the eventual realization of an implantable microstimulator for neuromuscular applications. The stimulating electrode is based on thin films of activated iridium oxide (AIROF), and is formed by combining more than 450, 20 mu m*20 mu m, small AIROF sites. It occupies a total active area of approximately=180000 mu m/sup 2/ and has been subjected to more than 350 million charge-balanced constant current pulses of 10 mA amplitude and 200- mu s duration without showing any sign of degradation. A versatile fabrication technology has been developed which offers high-performance CMOS and bipolar devices, together with Zener diodes, on-chip poly-Si/poly-Si capacitors, and high-value resistors. Isolated vertical npn transistors with current gains of 140-150, lateral pnp transistors with current gains of 10-20, and 7-V voltage references are available and have been used to implement an integrated circuit chip for an implantable neuromuscular microstimulator. The chip includes 3.5-V and 8-V regulators, RC low-pass and high-pass filters, and regulated current sources and sinks, and measures 1.9*1.2 mm/sup 2/.Keywords
This publication has 7 references indexed in Scilit:
- RF telemetry powering and control of hermetically sealed integrated sensors and actuatorsPublished by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) ,1990
- An implantable CMOS analog signal processor for multiplexed microelectrode recording arraysPublished by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) ,1990
- Batch fabricated thin-film electrodes for stimulation of the central auditory systemIEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 1989
- Current Density Profiles of Surface Mounted and Recessed Electrodes for Neural ProsthesesIEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 1987
- An Externally Powered, Multichannel, Implantable Stimulator for Versatile Control of Paralyzed MuscleIEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 1987
- Recruitment properties of monopolar and bipolar epimysial electrodesAnnals of Biomedical Engineering, 1986
- A Percutaneous Wire Electrode for Chronic Research UseIEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 1975