Dietary Fructose and Gastrointestinal Symptoms: A Review
- 1 October 2004
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) in The American Journal of Gastroenterology
- Vol. 99 (10), 2046-2050
- https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1572-0241.2004.40266.x
Abstract
It has been proposed that fructose may cause or aggravate symptoms in patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders. Fructose is commonly used to sweeten processed foods, and the prevalence of incomplete fructose absorption (25 g, 10%) in healthy subjects is as high as 50%. The only controlled study that has been performed did not demonstrate a higher prevalence of fructose-induced gastrointestinal symptoms or incomplete fructose absorption in patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders. The amount and concentration of fructose used to evaluate absorption by breath testing has varied among studies. Moreover, dietary sources of fructose usually contain glucose, which increases fructose absorption in healthy subjects. Thus, breath testing with fructose alone may not reflect fructose ingestion under normal circumstances. Given these limitations, we suggest that a practical, empirical approach to testing in patients with suspected incomplete fructose absorption is to restrict fructose ingestion. Additional controlled studies are needed to clarify the relation between incomplete fructose absorption and symptoms, assess the effects of coingestion of other sugars on fructose absorption, and evaluate the effects of eliminating sugars from the diet on gastrointestinal symptoms.Keywords
This publication has 27 references indexed in Scilit:
- Complementary role of computer-aided diagnosis for detecting colonic polyps with CT colonographyGastroenterology, 2001
- A fructose (fruc) restricted diet and dietary counseling in patients (pts) with dietary fruc intolerance demonstrates significant reduction in symptoms and an improvement in quality of life proportionate to the amount of fruc eliminatedGastroenterology, 2001
- Fructose-Sorbitol Malabsorption and Symptom Provocation in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Relationship to Enteric Hypersensitivity and DysmotilityScandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 1998
- Molecular analysis of the fructose transporter gene (GLUT5) in isolated fructose malabsorption.JCI Insight, 1996
- Factors affecting hydrogen production and consumption by human fecal flora. The critical roles of hydrogen tension and methanogenesis.JCI Insight, 1992
- Fructose and Related Food Carbohydrates: Sources, Intake, Absorption, and Clinical ImplicationsScandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 1992
- Malabsorption of Fructose-Sorbitol Mixtures Interactions Causing Abdominal DistressScandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 1987
- Absorption capacity of fructose in healthy adults. Comparison with sucrose and its constituent monosaccharides.Gut, 1986
- Incomplete intestinal absorption of fructose.Archives of Disease in Childhood, 1984
- Four Cases of Long‐Standing Diarrhoea and Colic Pains Cured by Fructose‐Free diet—A Pathogenetic DiscussionActa Medica Scandinavica, 1978