Five Major Shifts in 100 Years of Engineering Education
Open Access
- 17 April 2012
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in Proceedings of the IEEE
- Vol. 100 (Special Ce), 1344-1360
- https://doi.org/10.1109/jproc.2012.2190167
Abstract
In this paper, five major shifts in engineering education are identified. During the engineering science revolution, curricula moved from hands-on practice to mathematical modeling and scientific analyses. The first shift was initiated by engineering faculty members from Europe; accelerated during World War II, when physicists contributed multiple engineering breakthroughs; codified in the Grinter report; and kick-started by Sputnik. Did accreditation hinder curricular innovations? Were engineering graduates ready for practice? Spurred by these questions, the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET) required engineering programs to formulate outcomes, systematically assess achievement, and continuously improve student learning. The last three shifts are in progress. Since the engineering science revolution may have marginalized design, a distinctive feature of engineering, faculty members refocused attention on capstone and first-year engineering design courses. However, this third shift has not affected the two years in between. Fourth, research on learning and education continues to influence engineering education. Examples include learning outcomes and teaching approaches, such as cooperative learning and inquiry that increase student engagement. In shift five, technologies (e.g., the Internet, intelligent tutors, personal computers, and simulations) have been predicted to transform education for over 50 years; however, broad transformation has not yet been observed. Together, these five shifts characterize changes in engineering education over the past 100 years.Keywords
This publication has 121 references indexed in Scilit:
- Design engineering competencies: future requirements and predicted changes in the forthcoming decadeDesign Studies, 2005
- Fire-Fighting Mobile Robotics and Interdisciplinary Design-Comparative PerspectivesIEEE Transactions on Education, 2004
- A Java/Matlab-Based Environment for Remote Control System Laboratories: Illustrated With an Inverted PendulumIEEE Transactions on Education, 2004
- The future of electrical and computer engineering educationIEEE Transactions on Education, 2003
- The impact of a simulation-based learning design project on student learningIEEE Transactions on Education, 2001
- A competition-motivated capstone design course: the result of a fifteen-year evolutionIEEE Transactions on Education, 2001
- The Scholarship of Teaching:New Elaborations, New DevelopmentsChange: The Magazine of Higher Learning, 1999
- Cooperative Learning Returns To College What Evidence Is There That It Works?Change: The Magazine of Higher Learning, 1998
- Grading Cooperative ProjectsNew Directions for Teaching and Learning, 1998
- Diversified structures and a structure for diversity: some recent trends and developments in engineering education cooperation in the European CommunityEuropean Journal of Engineering Education, 1981