Cardiac Differentiation of Pluripotent Stem Cells
Open Access
- 1 January 2011
- journal article
- Published by Hindawi Limited in Stem Cells International
- Vol. 2011, 1-12
- https://doi.org/10.4061/2011/383709
Abstract
The ability of human pluripotent stem cells to differentiate towards the cardiac lineage has attracted significant interest, initially with a strong focus on regenerative medicine. The ultimate goal to repair the heart by cardiomyocyte replacement has, however, proven challenging. Human cardiac differentiation has been difficult to control, but methods are improving, and the process, to a certain extent, can be manipulated and directed. The stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes described to date exhibit rather immature functional and structural characteristics compared to adult cardiomyocytes. Thus, a future challenge will be to develop strategies to reach a higher degree of cardiomyocyte maturationin vitro, to isolate cardiomyocytes from the heterogeneous pool of differentiating cells, as well as to guide the differentiation into the desired subtype, that is, ventricular, atrial, and pacemaker cells. In this paper, we will discuss the strategies for the generation of cardiomyocytes from pluripotent stem cells and their characteristics, as well as highlight some applications for the cells.Keywords
This publication has 112 references indexed in Scilit:
- Direct Reprogramming of Fibroblasts into Functional Cardiomyocytes by Defined FactorsCell, 2010
- Electrical stimulation of human embryonic stem cells: Cardiac differentiation and the generation of reactive oxygen speciesExperimental Cell Research, 2009
- Natural and Synthetic Regulators of Embryonic Stem Cell CardiogenesisPediatric Cardiology, 2009
- Mesp1 Coordinately Regulates Cardiovascular Fate Restriction and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Differentiating ESCsCell Stem Cell, 2008
- miRNAs at the heart of the matterJournal of Molecular Medicine, 2008
- MicroRNA Regulation of Cell Lineages in Mouse and Human Embryonic Stem CellsCell Stem Cell, 2008
- β1‐ and β2‐adrenoceptor responses in cardiomyocytes derived from human embryonic stem cells: comparison with failing and non‐failing adult human heartBritish Journal of Pharmacology, 2008
- Induction of Pluripotent Stem Cells from Adult Human Fibroblasts by Defined FactorsCell, 2007
- Survival and maturation of human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes in rat heartsJournal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, 2007
- Multiple functions of Cerberus cooperate to induce heart downstream of NodalDevelopmental Biology, 2007