Mantle metasomatism above subduction zones: Trace-element and radiogenic isotope characteristics of peridotite xenoliths from Batan Island (Philippines)

Abstract

Trace-element abundances and radiogenic isotope ratios have been determined for a suite of upper mantle-derived xenoliths collected from Pliocene-Quaternary andesitic lavas on Batan Island, northernmost Philippines. The xenoliths exhibit mineralogical changes and large ion lithophile enrichment indicative of metasomatism involving H₂O-rich fluids. Strontium and neodymium isotopes in the xenoliths are not totally consistent with those in host lavas, but a common signature is indicated by the fact that all samples plot below the mantle array. The flux of fluids in the mantle wedge probably occurred over a long period of time. The flux induced large but variable changes in mineral and trace and isotopic compositions, and ultimately resulted in the melting of the peridotites and production of island-arc lavas.