Purification, crystal structure and antimicrobial activity of phenazine-1-carboxamide produced by a growth-promoting biocontrol bacterium,Pseudomonas aeruginosaMML2212
- 1 February 2010
- journal article
- Published by Oxford University Press (OUP) in Journal of Applied Microbiology
- Vol. 108 (2), 703-711
- https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.2009.04466.x
Abstract
To purify and characterize an antimicrobial compound produced by a biocontrol bacterium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa MML2212, and evaluate its activity against rice pathogens, Rhizoctonia solani and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain MML2212 isolated from the rice rhizosphere with wide-spectrum antimicrobial activity was cultured in Kings'B broth using a fermentor for 36 h. The extracellular metabolites were isolated from the fermented broth using ethyl acetate extraction and purified by two-step silica-gel column chromatography. Three fractions were separated, of which a major compound was obtained in pure state as yellow needles. It was crystallized after dissolving with chloroform followed by slow evaporation. It is odourless with a melting point of 220-222 degrees C. It was soluble in most of the organic solvents and poorly soluble in water. The molecular mass of purified compound was estimated as 223.3 by mass spectral analysis. Further, it was characterized by IR, (1)H and (13)C NMR spectral analyses. The crystal structure of the compound was elucidated for the first time by X-ray diffraction study and deposited in the Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre (http://www.ccde.com.ac.uk) with the accession no. CCDC 617344. The crystal compound was undoubtedly identified as phenazine-1-carboxamide (PCN) with the empirical formula of C(13)H(9)N(3)O. As this is the first report on the crystal structure of PCN, it provides additional information to the structural chemistry. Furthermore, the present study reports the antimicrobial activity of purified PCN on major rice pathogens, R. solani and X. oryzae pv. oryzae. Therefore, the PCN can be developed as an ideal agrochemical candidate for the control of both sheath blight and bacterial leaf blight diseases of rice.Keywords
This publication has 36 references indexed in Scilit:
- Fluorescent Pseudomonads associated with the rhizosphere of crops: an overviewBrazilian Journal of Microbiology, 2006
- Diversity and antagonistic potential of Pseudomonas spp. associated to the rhizosphere of maize grown in a subtropical organic farmSoil Biology and Biochemistry, 2006
- Isolation and characterization of a novel banana rhizosphere bacterium as fungal antagonist and microbial adjuvant in micropropagation of bananaJournal of Applied Microbiology, 2006
- HPLC determination of salinomycin and related compounds in fermentation media of Streptomyces albus and premixesJournal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, 2005
- Introduction of the phzH Gene of Pseudomonas chlororaphis PCL1391 Extends the Range of Biocontrol Ability of Phenazine-1-Carboxylic Acid-Producing Pseudomonas spp. StrainsMolecular Plant-Microbe Interactions®, 2001
- Phenazine-1-Carboxamide Production in the Biocontrol Strain Pseudomonas chlororaphis PCL1391 Is Regulated by Multiple Factors Secreted into the Growth MediumMolecular Plant-Microbe Interactions®, 2001
- Root Colonization by Phenazine-1-Carboxamide-Producing Bacterium Pseudomonas chlororaphis PCL1391 Is Essential for Biocontrol of Tomato Foot and Root RotMolecular Plant-Microbe Interactions®, 2000
- Completion and refinement of crystal structures withSIR92Journal of Applied Crystallography, 1993
- Secondary metabolites from fluorescent pseudomonadsFEMS Microbiology Letters, 1993
- Suppression of Root Diseases byPseudomonas fluorescensCHA0: Importance of the Bacterial Secondary Metabolite 2,4-DiacetylphloroglucinolMolecular Plant-Microbe Interactions®, 1992